You can restore all back files and some selected files in HP Ux by

tar command 

# tar –xvf archive ( Backup your complete archive)

# tar –xvf archive file1 file2 file3 (File1, File2, File3 are the names of individual files)


# tar -xvf /*  ( Backup all your files)

Note: The commands (*) will only work if the system has the exact files on the tape.
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Restore files using tar command on HP-UNIX


 Just follow these simple steps :

1) Insert the first CD into the CD Drive of the Server on which the installation has to be performed and reboot the server.

2) On rebooting, it will list the startup options (boot menu)
2.1) Select EFL shell and press OK to initiate the process.


3) This will scan for devices and auto boot will take place.

3.1) If a prompt "INSTALL" comes up on the screen with 10 sec countdown
then wait till step 4).

3.2) If a prompt "VM UNIX" comes up on the screen with 10 sec countdown

    3.2.1) Press enter to break the countdown and exiting from the boot loader.
    3.2.2) "HPUX>" prompt will appear. type exit
    3.2.3) Now we will get a shell prompt ie, shell>
    3.3.4) Enter the command to go to file system of DVD
              shell> fs2:
              This will give fs2:\> prompt
    3.3.5) Enter command
              fs2:\> install


4) GUI will open up that will show the option for HP-UX Installation.Select it and press OK.

5) GUI will open up that will show the installation option for User Interface and Media.

Select the following options :

a) Media only installation
b) Advanced installation
and press OK.

6) GUI will open up that will show the option for configuraing system

    6.1) Set the system configuraions

Hostname : < mentioned on machine > eg : abcnew3
IP : < Ip address of machine > eg : 10.3.10.53
Subnet MAsk : 255.255.255.0

Time Zone : General location : Asia
Time Zone : India

Root Password : abc123
confirm password: abc123

Note : These parameter values are specific to our lab setup.

    
      6.2) Set the network services

Gateway IP : 10.3.10.1
Hop Count : 1
and press ADD

      6.3) Set the file system

Note : Partitioning should be according to shipping matrix (HardwareSoftwareRequirement document).
Size of partitions should be of type FIXED MB.

      6.4) Select GO to start installation procedure.

7) Screen showing the successful disk configuration will appear and will prompt for entering the second CD.

8) Enter the CD and further processing will take place.

9) After completion of the OS the machine will reboot

10) Remove the CD.
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STEPS FOR HP-UX SERVER INSTALLATION



To check  the Motherboard device configuration on HP server

Just follow these commands:

root> cstm






cstm>map

(2 is the dev num for my memory so I will select 2 in next step)



cstm>sel dev 2

cstm>info

cstm>il
, , , , , , , , , , , , , . 8:13 PM . Unknown

How To Check Motherboard Device Configuration On HP Server.


Audit file has 0% free space left ! Unable to Login through root and also unable to login through console.



There is at time when login into the HP-UX system is the problem. We get the problem statement something like:

Error Flashed: Current audit file size is 613959 kilobytes!!! an attempt to switch to the backup file failed.

Must specify a backup file now ! audit file has 0% free space left !



Solution:


Step -1 Login HP-UX in single user mode.


1. shutdown -r 0


2. hit during 10 sec window to interrupt reboot


3. enter:


4. interact with ipl? yes


5. hpux -is (i=init, s=single user)




Step -2 Mount the all files system in single usermode

#mountall




Step -3 Check the root file system.

# bdf /




Step -4 Audit data written into a logfile in your root filesystem (usually into /.secure/etc)

Go to ./secure/etc Directory


# cd ./secure/etc




Step -5 Delete the audfile1 and audfile2

# cd ./secure/etc


# rm –rf audfile1


# rm –rf audfile2




Step -6 Reboot the server and boot in normal mode.




Thats it .........





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Login Problem HP Unix



 
Network Configuration tools on HP-UX.
This post is about the location of various files used in network configurations in HP Unix Servers.



FILE:

/etc/hosts - Hosts configuration file (resolve hosts and IPs)

/etc/rc.config.d/ netconf – IP address, routing address and hostname stored in this file.


SCRIPTS:

/etc/init.d/net start – Use to start, stop network service




HP UX Commands

(a) Display lan interface info:   
# lanscan


(b) All in one lan configuration utility (lan0 is first Ethernet interface) to configure and view the system IP address:

# ifconfig lan0 - Display IP info such as IP address netmask etc.

# ifconfig lan0 up - Up network interface (allow traffic)

# ifconfig lan0 down - Down network interactive (deny traffc)

# ifconfig lan0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up - Setup/change IP adddress

# netstat –in



(c) Displaying host name

# hostname

(d) Arp administration (cache)

# arp -a

(e) Display routing table/info:

# netstat –nr

(f) Define new route:

# route add default 192.168.1.254 1
(g) HP's LAN diagnostic tool
# lanadmin

(h) Test a remote host connectivity

ping host.mycorp.com
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , . 7:19 AM . Unknown

Network Configuration Tools on HP-UX.


The disk management is the important part of any system.

Lets see how this task is performed on the HP-Unix system.

HP-UX: Disk Management
Here are the steps to follow:

1- Open the prompt.

2- ioscan -fnC disk = Search Attach disk with HP server

3- pvcreate -f /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0 = Initialize a disk for use with LVM

4- Create the device structure needed for a new volume group.
    cd /dev
    mkdir vgdata
    cd vgdata
    mknod group c 64 0x010000


5- vgcreate vgdata /dev/dsk/c0t1d0 = Create volume group vgdata


Note: if your expecting to use more than 16 physical disks use the -p option, range from 1 to 256 disks.

6- vgdisplay -v vgdata = Display volume group vgdata

7- pvcreate -f /dev/rdsk/c0t4d0 = Add another disk to volume group
   vgextend vgdata /dev/dsk/c0t4d0

8- vgreduce vgdata /dev/dsk/c0t4d0 = Remove disk from volume group
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Disk Management on HP-UX:LVM Servers



Here is the list of the some important commands for the HP-Ux Server System.
 
Bootup/Shutdown
Shutdown = shutdown -r 0

Shutdown and Halt = shutdown -h now

Shutdown to single user mode = shutdown 0

Reboot = reboot 0

Single user mode = init 1 -

Boots single user mode = hpux -is


Interupting the boot process:
• Configuration Menu
• Information Menu
• Service Menu
   GSP Mode
• From the console hit
• Hit at the GSP console login (default is no password)
• Now low level commands can be entered
   o ps --> power status

 
To reboot to single user mode:
1. shutdown -r 0
2. hit during 10 sec window to interrupt reboot
3. enter:
4. interact with ipl? yes
5. hpux -is (i=init, s=single user)

 
To reboot manually to init 3 level
1. shutdown -r 0
2. during 10 sec window
3. bo
4. interact with ipl --> yes
5. hpux -is (i=init, s=single user mode)
6. mount -a
7. init 3
 


Startup/Shutdown Scripts
 /sbin/init.d
/sbin/rc0.d These are all linked to actual scripts in /sbin/init.d
/sbin/rc1.d
/sbin/rc2.d scripts with k are kill scripts and scripts with s are start scritps.
/sbin/rc3.d
/sbin/rc4.d

/etc/rc.config.d --> Scripts
CIFS (Samba)
/opt/etc/samba/smb.conf
 

Device Management
HP-UX is a hardware path based operating system. When it boots up it does a hardware detection. It then compares the hardware that it detects with the hardware that is listed in /etc/ioconfig. If new hardware is detected, it is assigned the next available configuration information in the proper hardware path.

rmsf - remove special files
insf - install special files

insf -C disk -e <-- This command will re-install all of the device files for the class "disk" 

lsdev <-- Lists devices and drivers in the system ioscan <-- searches for all devices and displays their hardware path 

ioscan -fnC disk <-- searches for all devices of class (C) disk 

ioscan -fnH <-- searches for a LUN last 2 digits of hardware path in the LUN in octal (1/12/0/0.1.23) 

Disk Devices A disk device will have a name in the following format:   c#t#d# 
c# is the card number
t# is the target number
d# is the LUN - this is normally 0 unless RAID is being utilized

scsictl -a /dev/rdsk/c?t?d? <-- display control parameter information about the disk device

scsictl -a -m queue_depth=4 -m queue_depth /dev/rdsk/c?t?d? <-- sets the queue depth CD-ROM Devices

nohup /usr/sbin/pfs_mountd & - starts process nohup /usr/sbin/pfds & - starts process pfs_mount -o xlat=unix /dev/dsk/c0t1d0 /cdrom - mounts cdrom

Cdrom won't eject:
1. pfs_umount -c OR 2. kill -9 pfs_mountd and kill -9 mountd Cdrom won't mount using: pfs_mount -o xlat=unix /dev/dsk/c0t1d0 /cdrom

1. nohup /usr/sbin/pfs_mountd & 2. nohup /usr/sbin/pfsd

3. /usr/sbin/pfs_mount /cdrom <-- this uses mounting information in /etc/pfs_fstab 7400 Disk Array

armdsp -a va7400 <-- real time display of the disk array

armmgr -D va7400 HPA6189A00SG218H0024 armdiscover /opt/sanmgr/commandview/client/sbin --> Tells us the serial number
armhost -d
armhost -d 50060b000014e313 00SG218J0024
ioscan -fnc disk | more
cvui - creates luns 



Choose storage array Create LUN
Find last LUN 
Create with new lun number
View existing luns

Process to export disk configuration to a file:
• sam --> actions-->export
• volume group name --> mapfile name
Fibre Channel Devices

ioscan -fknC fc <-- Lists fibre channel adapters.

To identify the devices: ls -l /dev/fc* fcmsutil - utility for fibre channel operations fcmsutil /dev/



 
Procedure to run fcmsutil on a fibre channel:
ioscan -fnC disk|more --> Identify hw path of fibre channel adapter
ioscan -fnH 1/0/0/0 --> Identify device of fibre channel adapter
or ls /dev/fc* on older adapters (arbitrated loop)
fcmsutil /dev/fcms2 stat --> fcmsutil that shows status of fibre channel adapter
 

Logs
/etc/rc.log = Startup Log
/var/adm/sw/swagent.log  = Software package installation log
/var/adm/syslog/syslog.log  = System Error Log
/etc/shutdownlog = Shutdown Log
/var/tombstones/ts99 = Crash log

 
Login Environment
/etc/profile - main profile for all users
/etc/profile.env

export TMPDIR=/tmpsort
export TEMPDIR=/tmpsort

source a profile: ". ./profile"

 
Changing prompt
 export PS1=$(hostname):'$PWD # '

This gives a prompt that has the hostname followed by the current directory, ending in the # (useful for root logins).

Networking
netstat -a = ports 
netstat -i = interfaces
netstat -r = routing table
netstat -rv = routing table and subnet mask
lanscan = provides hardware information about the nics in the server lanadmin =  menu driven interface to administer lan nics
lanadmin -x 0 = bypass menu and show lan driver specific options for nic with id 0
lanadmin -X 100FD 0 = bypass menu and set nic at id 0 to 100 MBS

Full Duplex ioscan -fnkC lan - shows ioscan information for device type "lan" lanscan -i|awk '{print $1}'|xargs -i ifconfig {} -> does an ifconfig on all defined interfaces on that server

 
Changing the IP Address and Subnet mask
set_parms ip_address
Then supply ip address and subnet mask when prompted. This process will require a reboot.
 

Changing the Default Gateway
• cd rc.config.d
• vi netconf

 
Network Time Protocol (NTP)
ntpq -p = lists ntp peers and their time sync status
ntpq -p = lists time sync status with that server (slightly different detail than ntpq -p)

/etc/ntp.conf = configuration file
Changes to the configuration require ntp daemon (xntpd) be stopped and restarted (restart is not recognized):
• /sbin/init.d/xntpd stop
• /sbin/init.d/xntpd start

 
Printing
Command Description
cancel deletes print jobs from queue
hppi jet admin
ls -d -o file prints a file
lpadmin
lpsched -v
lpstat lists jobs in queue. -s -t
pr .profile | lp -n3 prints
pr -o10 -l64 -F -h

| lp prints using margins of 10, page length of 64, header on each page

/etc/lp

/usr/lib/lp
/var/adm/lp
/var/spool/lp

/etc/lp/interface - interface scripts

/var/sam/lp/lpinfo

 
Migrating the printer configuration from one server to another server using SAM:
On the source server:
• SAM --> Printers & Plotters --> LP Spooler --> Save/Restore
 




Spooler Configuration
Actions --> Save Spooler Configuration
This saves the information in the directory /var/sam/lp 



Save this directory using tar: "tar -cvf /tmp/lp.tar /var/sam/lp" 



Copy this tar file to the destination server

 
On the destination server
Extract this file: "tar -xvf lp.tar"
SAM --> Printers & Plotters --> LP Spooler --> Save/Restor Spooler Configuration
Actions --> Restore Spooler Configuration


 
Performance Monitoring
top
j moves forward pages in the display
k moves backwared pages in the display
glance (if installed)

sar -q
sar -u
sar -d

vmstat
vminfo

 
Process Management

inetd -c Causes inet to reload /etc/inetd.conf
inetd -l starts logging in /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
ps -ef | grep PROD list all processes, but only show those processes that have "PROD" in them
/sbin/init.d/
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Unix: HP-UX Command Summary

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